Propuesta de un plan de alta de enfermería para el paciente adulto posoperado de cirugía mayor / Proposal for a nursing discharge plan for the postoperative adult patient with major surgery

Introducción: el cuidado de los pacientes posoperados requiere de un tratamiento humanizado e integral, que puede ser posible si se les proporciona asistencia de enfermería con calidad y calidez. Cumplir con este requerimiento permitiría identificar las respuestas humanas y fisiopatológicas, así como potenciales complicaciones. Para garantizar el cuidado en el hogar es necesaria la elaboración de un plan de egreso de enfermería. Objetivo: validar un plan de alta de enfermería para pacientes adultos posoperados de cirugía mayor en México. Metodología: se realizó un estudio mixto enfocado en la obtención de la validez teórica de un plan de alta para pacientes adultos posoperados de cirugía mayor a través de la técnica Delphi, o juicio de expertos, en dos fases. La primera parte del estudio se enfocó en la búsqueda de fuentes sobre el tema en distintas bases de datos y en la elaboración de un listado de respuestas humanas y fisiopatológicas, así como de los cuidados necesarios para el paciente posoperado. La segunda fase se basó en determinar la consistencia interna y una aproximación a la validez del constructo. Resultados: el planteamiento de este plan de alta de enfermería es específico para el paciente adulto posoperado de cirugía mayor; de modo que considera los cuidados más importantes. La propuesta ha obtenido un promedio de aprobación por expertos superior a 4.5 en una escala de 1 a 5 y un alfa de Cronbach de 0.850. Conclusión: el plan de alta propuesto se considera válido y confiable para ser aplicado en pacientes adultos posoperados de cirugía mayor.

Introduction: The care of postoperative patients requires a humanized and comprehensive treatment and nursing care must be provided with quality and warmth, with the purpose of identifying human and pathophysiological responses as well as potential complications. To guarantee this transition of care from the hospital to the home, it is necessary to prepare a nursing discharge plan. Objective: To validate a nursing discharge plan for postoperative adult patients of major surgery in Mexico. Methodology: A mixed study was carried out, focused on obtaining the theoretical validity of a discharge plan for postoperative adult patients of major surgery through the Delphi technique or expert judgment in two phases, in the first a search for information regarding the subject in data-bases; A list of human and pathophysiological responses was drawn up, as well as the necessary care for the postoperative patient. The second phase was based on determining internal consistency and an approach to construct validity. Results: The proposal of this nursing discharge plan is specific for the postoperative adult patient of major surgery, it considers the most important care, obtaining expert approval averages higher than 4.5 on a scale of 1 to 5 and a Cronbach's Alpha of 0.850. Conclusion: The proposed discharge plan is considered valid and reliable to be applied in postoperative adult patients of major surgery.

Medical Big Data and Postoperative Nursing of Fracture Patients Based on Cloud Computing.

Based on the standards for wireless sensor system identification, the sensor node identity OID identification and the management object OID identification in the SNMP MIB are merged, and a management object OID identification coding mechanism for the SNMP-based wireless sensor system is proposed to make the node management system only. The identity, attributes, and multiple entities of the target sensor node in the wireless sensor network can be identified and managed by the node management object OID. The source of abnormal medical big data generally uses two models of multidimensional data and sliding window for detection and verification. First, the sliding window can be used to detect abnormalities. The result is that under this condition, the detection rate of medical big data is more than 95%; the effect is very good, but in different dimensions, the detection rate of four-dimensional data is 2.9% higher than that of a single-dimensional one. On the basis of the ZigBee wireless network, the terminal signal transmission of fracture treatment can be realized. On this basis, combined with the actual needs of fracture treatment, it can be built with its wireless module. The wireless network has a certain basic function. The reform of the nursing system was carried out on the basis of the safety and reliability of the nursing system, the efficiency of the nursing system was improved, and timely and safe nursing services were achieved.

Meta-Analysis on the Application Value of Collaborative Nursing in Postcolostomy Nursing of Patients with Colorectal Cancer.

OBJECTIVE: To systematically evaluate the effect of collaborative nursing on self-care ability of postcolostomy patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). METHODS: PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, and Wanfang databases were searched to collect relevant literatures on randomized controlled trials of postcolostomy patients with CRC. The search period was started from 2010 to 2021. Statistical analysis was performed on the data extracted from the comprehensive meta-analysis with STATA 16.0 analysis software. RESULTS: As a result, it was found that the incidence of adverse reactions in the control group was higher than that in the treatment group. Seven studies included the preintervention self-care concept and preintervention self-care skills. Six studies included preintervention self-care responsibility and preintervention exercise of self-care agency (ESCA) scale. In the comparison among the concept of self-care after intervention, self-care skills, self-care responsibility, and ESCA scale, all of them had higher scores in the treatment group than in the control group (P < 0.05). It fully explains that collaborative nursing can significantly improve the evaluation indicators of patients' self-care ability and reduce patient complications. CONCLUSION: The application of collaborative nursing in the nursing work of patients with CRC after colostomy can significantly reduce the incidence of adverse nursing reactions.

Recognition of Factors of Postoperative Complications of Knee Osteoarthritis Patients and Comprehensive Nursing Intervention.

Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is a degenerative joint disease characterized by articular cartilage degeneration, cartilage exfoliation, osteophyte formation, and synovitis. It seriously affects the knee joint function and quality of life of patients. Total knee arthroplasty is now the most frequently used therapy for end-stage knee arthritis because it can successfully modify the line of lower extremities, restore knee joint function, alleviate pain, and enhance patients' quality of life; nevertheless, it may cause significant trauma and bleeding. It can easily lead to infection and anemia. In this study, the control group chose total knee arthroplasty and the observation group chose total knee arthroplasty combined with PRP. The results showed that the knee joint function score, visual analog score, blood transfusion, total blood loss, total postoperative drainage, and complications in the observation group were superior to those in the control group. Total knee arthroplasty takes a long time and needs a lot of soft tissue incision, which leads to a lot of blood loss and can cause a variety of complications. Gel has been shown in studies to successfully decrease blood loss during and after total knee arthroplasty, enhance knee joint function recovery, and improve patient quality of life. In this paper, the complications and causes of knee osteoarthritis after total knee arthroplasty were studied. Combined with comprehensive nursing intervention for postoperative recovery, it helps to improve the formation of thrombin and calcium ion, which can effectively reduce blood loss, relieve pain, and promote the recovery of knee joint function. This study analyzed the application of total knee arthroplasty combined with gel in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis.

Cuidados de enfermería al paciente trasplantado renal período pre-operatorio, pos trasplante inmediato y temprano en la Unidad de Trasplante Renal del Hospital de Especialidades Carlos Andrade Marín / Nursing care of the renal transplant patient pre-operative, immediate posttransplant and early post-transplant periods in the Renal Transplant Unit of the Carlos Andrade Marín Specialties Hospital

El trasplante renal es considerado como la mejor alternativa de tratamiento sustitutivo para la enfermedad renal crónica terminal (ERCT)1, es el procedimiento quirúrgico que consiste en reemplazar un riñón sano de un donante vivo o cadavérico a una persona con diagnóstico de ERCT, que ayuda a mejorar su calidad de vida, la reinserción a sus actividades sociales, físicas, emocionales, laborales y sexuales. La Organización Nacional de Trasplantes de España (ONT) en el año 2018, reportó que en la Unión Europea se realizaron 21 102 y en Latinoamérica 12 806 trasplantes renales2, en Ecuador el Ministerio de Salud Pública (MSP) en los años 2007-2020 reportó un total de 1 6153, le correspondió al Hospital de Especialidades Carlos Andrade Marín (HECAM) el 32% del total de trasplantes renales realizados entre el periodo 2007-20184. La evaluación del potencial receptor es realizada por un equipo multidisciplinario con formación académica, experiencia certificada en los diferentes procesos y acreditados por el Instituto Nacional de Donación y Trasplantes (INDOT)5. Los cuidados de enfermería enmarcados en esta ruta, son especializados e integrales, que incluyen los períodos pre operatorio, pos trasplante inmediato y temprano al incorporar además un proceso educativo entre enfermera, paciente y familia/ cuidador, con el fin de preservar la sobrevida del injerto.

Renal transplantation is considered the best alternative replacement treatment for end-stage chronic kidney disease (ESRD)1, it is the surgical procedure that consists of replacing a healthy kidney from a living or cadaveric donor to a person diagnosed with ESRD, which helps to improve their quality of life, reintegration to their social, physical, emotional, work and sexual activities. The National Transplant Organization of Spain (ONT) in 2018, reported that In the European Union 21 102 and in Latin America 12 806 renal transplants were performed2, in Ecuador the Ministry of Public Health (MSP) in the years 2007-2020 reported a total of 1 6153, corresponded to the Carlos Andrade Marín Specialties Hospital (HECAM) 32% of the total number of renal transplants performed between 2007-20184. The evaluation of the potential recipient is performed by a multidisciplinary team with academic training, certified experience in the different processes and accredited by the National Institute of Donation and Transplantation (INDOT)5. The nursing care framed in this route is specialized and comprehensive, including the pre-operative, immediate post-transplant and early post-transplant periods, incorporating an educational process between nurse, patient and family/caregiver, in order to preserve graft survival.

Nurse-led, telephone-based follow-up after acute coronary syndrome yields improved risk factors after 36 months: the randomized controlled NAILED-ACS trial.

We investigated whether a nurse-led, telephone-based follow-up including medical titration was superior to usual care in improving blood pressure (BP) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) values 36 months after acute coronary syndrome (ACS). We screened all patients admitted with ACS at Östersund hospital, Sweden, between January 1, 2010, and December 31, 2014, for inclusion based on ability to participate in a telephone-based follow-up. Participants were randomly allocated to usual care or an intervention group that received counselling and medical titration to target BP < 140/< 90 mmHg and LDL-C < 2.5/< 1.8 mmol/L. The primary outcome was LDL-C at 36 months. Of 962 patients, 797 (83%) were available for analysis after 36 months. Compared to controls, the intervention group had a mean systolic BP (SBP) 4.1 mmHg lower (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.9-6.5), mean diastolic BP (DBP) 2.9 mmHg lower (95% CI 1.5-4.5), and mean LDL-C 0.28 mmol/L lower (95% CI 0.135-0.42). All P < 0.001. A significantly greater proportion of patients reached treatment targets with the intervention. After 36 months of follow-up, compared to usual care, the nurse-led, telephone-based intervention led to significantly lower SBP, DBP, and LDL-C and to a larger proportion of patients meeting target values.Trial registration: ISRCTN registry. Trial number ISRCTN96595458. Retrospectively registered.

Time from Pain Assessment to Pain Intervention.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to describe factors that influence nurses' time from pain assessment to intervention for acute postsurgical pain. BACKGROUND: Nurses' time is a limited resource that must be optimized to manage patients' pain within budget constraints. Little is known about processes and activities nurses negotiate to manage pain. METHODS: Human factors engineering and ethnography were used to quantify factors influencing time from pain assessment to intervention. RESULTS: On the basis of 175.5 observation hours, nurses spent 11% of shifts (mean, 83 minutes) on pain care activities. Time from alert to intervention with PRN analgesics or biobehavioral strategies for 58 cases ranged from 0 to 48 minutes (mean, <11 minutes). Five factors influenced timeliness. CONCLUSIONS: Nurses most efficiently managed postsurgical pain by giving analgesics ordered PRN on a scheduled basis. Nurse leaders can empower prompt responses to patients' pain through delegation, process improvements, real-time monitoring, and prescriber engagement.

Segurança do paciente no pós-operatório em cirurgia cardíaca / Postoperative patient safety in cardiac surgery / Seguridad del paciente en el postoperatorio en cirugía cardíaca

Objetivo: avaliar a assistência de Enfermagem segundo os indicadores de segurança no pósoperatório em cirurgia cardíaca de um hospital público no munícipio de Caruaru-PE. Métodos: trata-se de um estudo transversal, descritivo, com abordagem quantitativa, coletado a partir da aplicação de um questionário semiestruturado com perguntas referentes ao perfil sociodemográfico e laboral, além de fatores relacionados à segurança do paciente no pósoperatório em cirurgia cardíaca. Resultados: informa-se que participaram do estudo 25 profissionais de Enfermagem, o qual identificou um déficit relacionado à especialização na área de cuidados críticos, participação em capacitações e uso e troca de luvas, fatores esses que podem acarretar complicações no período pós-operatório. Conclusão: possibilitou-se avaliar o conhecimento da equipe a respeito da segurança do paciente e compreender a importância da implantação de ações voltadas para a promoção da segurança do paciente.(AU)

Objective: to evaluate nursing care according to the postoperative safety indicators in cardiac surgery at a public hospital in the municipality of Caruaru-PE. Methods: this is a cross-sectional, descriptive study with a quantitative approach, collected from the application of a semistructured questionnaire with questions about the sociodemographic and labor profile, as well as factors related to patient safety in the postoperative period in cardiac surgery. Results: it is informed that 25 nursing professionals participated in the study, which identified a deficit related to specialization in the area of critical care, participation in training and use and exchange of gloves, factors that can lead to complications in the postoperative period. Conclusion: it was possible to evaluate the staff's knowledge about patient safety and to understand the importance of implementing actions aimed at promoting patient safety.(AU)

Objetivo: evaluar el cuidado de Enfermería según indicadores de seguridad en el postoperatorio en cirugía cardíaca en un hospital público de la ciudad de Caruaru-PE. Método: se trata de un estudio descriptivo transversal con abordaje cuantitativo, recolectado a partir de la aplicación de un cuestionario semiestructurado con preguntas sobre el perfil sociodemográfico y laboral, además de factores relacionados con la seguridad del paciente en el postoperatorio en cirugía cardíaca. Resultados: se informa que participaron del estudio 25 profesionales de Enfermería, los cuales identificaron un déficit relacionado con la especialización en el área de cuidados críticos, la participación en la formación y el uso e intercambio de guantes, factores que pueden derivar en complicaciones en el periodo postoperatorio. Conclusión: fue posible evaluar el conocimiento del equipo sobre la seguridad del paciente y comprender la importancia de implementar acciones dirigidas a promover la seguridad del paciente.(AU)

The effectiveness of traditional Chinese medicine fumigation and washing nursing care after arthroscopic debridement of Knee Osteoarthritis: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND: Knee Osteoarthritis (KOA) is a degenerative osteoarthrosis with knee joint pain as the main symptom. In recent years, arthroscopic removal of loose body and repair of meniscus have become common methods for the treatment of KOA. However, postoperative pain, swelling and limited joint movement affect the functional recovery of knee joint and the effect of surgical treatment. Early postoperative control of pain and swelling is of great significance to improve the curative effect of arthroscopic debridement and promote the recovery of knee joint function. In recent years, many clinical studies have reported that the nursing method of fumigation and washing with Chinese medicine after arthroscopic debridement of KOA can relieve pain, promote the recovery of joint function and improve the clinical curative effect, but there is a lack of evidence-based medicine. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of fumigation and washing with traditional Chinese medicine after KOA arthroscopy. METHODS: Computer retrieval English database (PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library) and Chinese database (China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang, VIP Database for Chinese Technical Periodicals, China Biology Medicine disc), moreover manual retrieval academic, Google and baidu from building to since December 2020, traditional Chinese medicine fumigation applied to KOA arthroscopy postoperative nursing of randomized controlled clinical research, by two researchers independently evaluated the quality of the included study and extracted the data. Meta-analysis of the included literatures was performed using RevMan5.3 software. RESULTS: The main observation index of this study was the effective rate, and the secondary indexes included Visual Analogue Scale Score, the Western Ontario and McMaster university orthopedic index, Lysholms score and adverse reactions, so as to evaluate the efficacy and safety of traditional Chinese medicine fumigation nursing after KOA arthroscopy. CONCLUSION: This study will provide reliable evidence for the clinical application of Fumigation and washing nursing of traditional Chinese medicine after KOA arthroscopy. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: Private information from individuals will not be published. This systematic review also does not involve endangering participant rights. Ethical approval will not be required. The results may be published in a peer-reviewed journal or disseminated at relevant conferences. OSF REGISTRATION NUMBER: DOI 10.17605/OSF.IO/THZP4.

Ações de enfermagem para a prevenção e controle do delirium em pacientes pós-operatório de cirurgia cardíaca: uma revisão integrativa / Nursing actions for prevention and control of delirium in post-operative patients of heart surgery: an integrative review / Acciones de enfermería para la prevención y control del delirio en pacientes postoperatorios de cirugía cardíaca: una revisión integrativa

Objetivo: Analisar as ações de enfermagem no controle e prevenção do delirium em pacientes pós-operatório de cirurgia cardíaca apresentados na literatura. Método: Estudo de revisão integrativa da literatura. A busca e seleção dos artigos foi realizada através das bases de dados LILACS, MEDLINE, BDENF, IBECS, MEDCARIB, CUMED, Secretaria Estadual de Saúde de São Paulo e coleciona SUS. A amostra foi composta por nove estudos. Resultados: Identificamos entre as ações para o controle e prevenção do delirium a visita familiar estruturada, a comunicação, importância de realizar a orientação verbal sobre o tempo e espaço, reconhecer o delirium precocemente e utilizar escalas para o diagnóstico, sendo a CAM-ICU a mais recomendada e de melhor aplicação. Conclusão: A enfermagem é essencial para realizar ações preventivas e reconhecer o delirium, muitas ações de prevenção são realizadas e, a comunicação e a presença da família é fundamental para se prevenir essa patologia.(AU)

Objective: To analyze nursing actions in the control and prevention of delirium in patients in the postoperative period of cardiac surgery presented in the literature. Method: Study of integrative literature review. The search and selection of articles was carried out through the LILACS, MEDLINE, BDENF, IBECS, MEDCARIB, CUMED, São Paulo State Health Secretariat and SUS collections. The sample consisted of nine studies. Results: We identified among the actions for the control and prevention of delirium the structured family visit, communication, the importance of carrying out verbal orientations in time and space, recognizing the delirium early and using diagnostic scales, CAM-ICU being the most recommended and best application. Conclusion: Nursing is essential to carry out preventive actions and to recognize delirium, many preventive actions are carried out and communication and the presence of the family are essential to prevent this pathology.(AU)

Objetivo: Analizar las acciones de enfermería en el control y prevención del delirio en pacientes en el postoperatorio de cirugía cardíaca presentadas en la literatura. Método: estudio de revisión integradora de la literatura. La búsqueda de los artículos se realizó a través de las bases de datos LILACS, MEDLINE, BDENF, IBECS, MEDCARIB, CUMED, Secretaría de Salud del Estado de São Paulo y recolecta SUS, la muestra estuvo compuesta por nueve estudios. Resultados: Entre las acciones para el control y prevención del delirio, identificamos la visita familiar estructurada, la comunicación, la importancia de realizar una guía verbal en tiempo y espacio, el reconocimiento temprano del delirio y el uso de escalas diagnósticas, siendo Se recomienda CAM-UCI y se aplica mejor. Conclusión: Enfermería es fundamental para realizar acciones preventivas y para reconocer el delirio, se realizan muchas acciones preventivas y la comunicación y la presencia de la familia son fundamentales para prevenir esta patología.(AU)

Patient SafetyNet for the Evaluation of Postoperative Respiratory Status by Nurses: A Presurvey and Postsurvey Study.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this pre-post survey study was to assess the effect of the Patient SafetyNet system (Masimo Corp, Irvine, CA) on postoperative respiratory evaluation by nurses in general wards. Patient SafetyNet is a wireless monitoring system that evaluates respiratory rate and percutaneous oxygen saturation. DESIGN: Survey of nurses at a single medical center. METHODS: Staff nurses (n = 75) were queried using a questionnaire asking about methods and problems of postoperative respiratory monitoring, usefulness of this system, and suggestions about suitable cases of this system. FINDINGS: A total of 75 questionnaires were completed and returned. The nurses reported that central/remote (89.3%) or continuous (98.7%) monitoring was useful in the postquestionnaire. Moreover, the average frequency of clinical examination was reduced from 11.0 ± 2.3 to 5.1 ± 1.3. Using the Patient SafetyNet system led to a reported 61.3% reduction in nursing workload related to respiratory assessment postoperatively. CONCLUSIONS: Continuous monitoring of respiratory rate and percutaneous oxygen saturation after general anesthesia is recommended for patients' safety. Moreover, Patient SafetyNet can decrease the number of physical assessments of respiratory status for postoperative patients in the general wards, resulting in reduction of nurse's workload.

Impact of COVID-19 on nursing time in intensive care units in Belgium.

INTRODUCTION: The COVID-19 pandemic has had a significant impact on nursing practice in intensive care unit and consequently, on workload. OBJECTIVE: To assess the nurse-patient ratio required by COVID-19 patients and to identify the factors that influence nursing in this context. DESIGN: This study was a retrospective observational study that evaluated the ratio using the Nursing Activities Score (NAS). SETTING: Three Belgian French-speaking hospitals, including five ICUs. Patients included COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 patients. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: The study included 95 COVID-19 patients and 1604 non-COVID-19 patients (control group) resulting in 905 and 5453 NAS measures, respectively. The NAS was significantly higher among the COVID-19 patients than in the control group (p = <0.0001). In the COVID-19 group, these higher scores were also observed per shift and uniformly across the three hospitals. COVID-19 patients required more time in the activities of monitoring and titration (χ2 = 457.60, p = <0.0001), mobilisation (χ2 = 161.21, p = <0.0001), and hygiene (χ2 = 557.77, p = <0.0001). Factors influencing nursing time measured by NAS in the COVID-19 patients were age <65 years old (p = 0.23), the use of continuous venovenous hemofiltration (p = 0.002), a high APACHE II score (p = 0.006) and patient death (p = 0.002). A COVID-19 diagnosis was independently associated with an increase in nursing time (OR = 4.8, 95% CI:3.6-6.4). CONCLUSIONS: Patients hospitalised in the ICU due to COVID-19 require significantly more nursing time and need an average ratio of almost 1:1.

Analysis of the Effect of Intraocular Lens Implantation on Retinal Nerve and Postoperative Nursing Outcome Based on Ultrasound Imaging.

Traumatic cataract is a common complication of ocular contusion. Caused by various forms of trauma, the course and prognosis of traumatic cataract are also different. Intraocular lens (IOL) implantation is the most effective treatment at the present time and can provide good visual quality and near, medium, and far vision. In this study, an adaptive medical ultrasound image denoising algorithm was constructed based on the biological vision mechanism and was applied to observe IOL implantation and postoperative care of 30 patients with traumatic cataract. Results showed that eyesight could be restored to the original healthy state after IOL implantation, and eyesight was close to normal 3 months after surgery. The corresponding noise pixel block of the noise reduction algorithm was obviously the lowest. A total of 30 patients (9 patients with contusion, 13 patients with intraocular foreign body, and 8 patients with perforation) were treated with aspheric and multifocal IOL to achieve the expected outcome. The noise reduction algorithm constructed in this study effectively reduced the speckle noise of ultrasound images, improved the clarity of ultrasound images, and achieved the effective observation of medical nursing outcome after traumatic cataract IOL implantation. After IOL implantation, the retinal nerves of patients with traumatic cataract were affected to different degrees.

Protocolo e instrumentos do processo de enfermagem para a pessoa com fístula arteriovenosa em maturação / Protocol and instruments of the nursing process for people with maturing arteriovenous fistula

Introdução: A hemodiálise representa a principal modalidade de tratamento da Doença Renal Crônica em estágio terminal, sendo necessário para sua realização o estabelecimento de um acesso vascular. Nesse contexto, a fístula arteriovenosa representa o acesso ideal por representar menores complicações quando comparada a outros tipos de acessos, sendo o acompanhamento do processo de maturação pelo enfermeiro fundamental para sua sobrevida, destacando-se a construção de protocolos e instrumentos para um melhor acompanhamento da maturação, devendo estes serem orientados pelo processo de enfermagem. Objetivo: Descrever o processo de elaboração de um protocolo e instrumentos de enfermagem para o acompanhamento à pessoa com fístula arteriovenosa em maturação. Método: Estudo metodológico descritivo de métodos e de síntese de evidências sobre avaliação e acompanhamento do paciente na fase de maturação da fístula arteriovenosa, sendo conduzido em duas fases: 1) revisão das evidências de pesquisa sobre a avaliação da maturação da fístula por meio de uma revisão de escopo; 2) desenvolvimento de um protocolo e instrumentos para aplicação do processo de enfermagem utilizando as taxonomias de enfermagem NANDA-I, NIC e NOC e referencial teórico de Orem. Após a elaboração, o protocolo e instrumentos propostos foram apresentados e submetidos à avaliação-piloto em um serviço de Nefrologia. Resultados: A busca literária resultou em um corpus final de 38 publicações, e obteve-se como achados que o período de avaliação clínica deve ocorrer idealmente dentro de quatro a seis semanas do pós- operatório, com utilização das técnicas de anamnese e Exame Físico, sendo necessários identificar diversos elementos clínicos. Foram propostos um protocolo de enfermagem, um fluxograma de apoio à tomada de decisão do enfermeiro, e instrumentos para coleta de história do paciente, planejamento do cuidado de enfermagem e reavaliação contínua do paciente com fístula em fase de maturação. O teste piloto realizado contribuiu para tornar as tecnologias propostas mais adequadas quanto à clareza e simplicidade sendo considerados o protocolo e instrumentos apresentados válidos, com sugestão de modificações apenas no instrumento de planejamento de cuidados de enfermagem. Conclusão: O estudo permitiu construir tecnologias inovadoras no acompanhamento do paciente em período de maturação da FAV, constituindo meios de acompanhar o paciente de forma sistematizada, de forma a facilitar o planejamento das ações de enfermagem e envolvimento do paciente. Por fim, espera-se que os protótipos produzidos permitam ao enfermeiro colocar em prática as suas competências no cuidado à pessoa com fístula arteriovenosa em maturação, com expectativa de um trabalho futuro de validação dos instrumentais junto a especialistas e futuros usuários.

Introduction: The hemodialysis representing the main treatment modality in the Chronic Renal Disease in terninal stage, requiring the establishment of a vascular access. In this context, arteriovenous fistula represents the ideal access because it represents less complications when compared to other types of access, and the monitoring of the maturation process by the nurse is fundamental for its survival, highlighting the construction of protocols and instruments for better monitoring of maturation, which should be guided by the nursing process. Objective: Describe the process of elaborating a protocol and nursing instruments for monitoring person with a arteriovenous fistula under maturing. Method: Descriptive methodological study of methods and synthesis of evidence on evaluation and monitoring of the patient during the maturation phase of the arteriovenous fistula, being conducted in two phases: 1) review of the research evidence on the assessment of fistula maturation through a scoping review; 2) Development of a protocol and instrumentals for the application of the nursing proccess using the nursing taxonomies NANDA-I, NIC and NOC and Orem's theoretical framework. After elaboration, the proposed protocol and instruments were presented and submitted to a pilot evaluation in a Nephrology service. Results: The literary search resulted in a final corpus of 38 publications, and it was obtained as findings that the period of clinical evaluation should ideally occur within four to six weeks after the operation, using the techniques of anamnesis and Physical Examination, it is necessary to identify several clinical elements. A nursing protocol, a flowchart to support nurses' decision-making, and instruments for collecting the patient's history, planning nursing care and continuous reassessment of the patient with a fistula in the maturation phase were proposed as instrumental measures. The pilot test carried out contributed to make the proposed technologies more adequate in terms of clarity and simplicity, considering the instruments presented as valid with the suggestion of modifications only in the nursing care planning instrument. Conclusion: The study allowed the construction of innovative technologies in patient follow-up during arteriovenous fistula maturation period, constituing a means of monitoring the patient in a systematic way, in order to facilitate the planning of nursing actions and patient involvement. Finally, it is expected that the prototypes produced will allow nurses to put into practice their skills in caring for the person with maturing arteriovenous fistula, with the expectation of future work to validate the instruments with specialists and future users.

Gerenciamento do cuidado e sistematização da assistência de enfermagem a pacientes submetidos a cirurgias cardíacas em uma unidade de terapia intensiva / Care management and nursing care systematization for patients undergoing cardiac surgeries in an intensive care unit

Objetivo: Este estudo teve como objetivo propor ações relacionadas à sistematização da assistência de enfermagem e ao gerenciamento do cuidado a pacientes submetidos a cirurgias cardíacas em uma unidade de terapia intensiva. Método: Trata-se de uma pesquisa com abordagem qualitativa, desenvolvida em um hospital filantrópico, geral e de porte IV de um município do interior do Estado de Minas Gerais. Participaram do estudo os cinco enfermeiros da Unidade de Terapia Intensiva (UTI) do hospital. Os dados foram coletados no período de agosto a outubro de 2020. Para a coleta de informações relacionadas ao perfil dos pacientes submetidos a cirurgias cardíacas, foram realizadas consultas aos prontuários dos pacientes. Para analisar a percepção dos participantes, foi utilizada a técnica do Grupo Focal (GF). Os dados obtidos a partir da realização dos GF foram analisados utilizando-se a técnica da análise de conteúdo. Para a coleta de dados relacionados à caracterização dos participantes, utilizou-se um instrumento de caracterização individual e ocupacionais dos trabalhadores. Na etapa final do estudo, foram propostas ações de SAE a pacientes submetidos à cirurgia cardíaca e voltadas ao gerenciamento do cuidado de enfermagem na UTI. Resultados: Os enfermeiros reconheceram a importância de identificar as necessidades de cada paciente admitido na UTI, avaliar continuamente a evolução do paciente, implementar ações relacionadas à sistematização da assistência de enfermagem, coordenar a equipe de enfermagem e organizar a unidade para o seu adequado funcionamento. Os principais problemas e dificuldades relatados pelos enfermeiros foram: ausência de rotinas e protocolos para a padronização das ações na unidade; inadequado dimensionamento de pessoal de enfermagem na UTI; comunicação ineficaz entre a equipe de saúde; ausência de práticas de trabalho em equipe e interdisciplinaridade; falta de equipamentos para a assistência em saúde. Como produtos deste estudo, foram propostas ações voltadas à sistematização da assistência de enfermagem no pós operatório de cirurgias cardíacas e ao gerenciamento do cuidado na UTI e elaborado um fluxograma de atendimento a estes pacientes no hospital. Acredita-se que o gerenciamento do cuidado e a sistematização da assistência de enfermagem a paciente submetidos a cirurgias cardíacas possam auxiliar na efetividade das ações e na resolutividade do cuidado em saúde, garantindo autonomia no processo de tomada de decisões dos enfermeiros e qualidade na assistência de enfermagem prestada aos usuários

Objective: This study aimed to propose actions related to the nursing care systematization (NCS) and the care management for patients undergoing cardiac surgery in an intensive care unit. Method: This is a research with a qualitative approach, developed in a philanthropic, general and size IV hospital in a city in the interior of the State of Minas Gerais. Five nurses from the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) of the hospital participated in the study. Data were collected from August to October 2020. For the collection of information related to the profile of patients undergoing cardiac surgery, consultations were carried out in the patients' medical records. To analyze the participants' perception, the Focus Group (FG) technique was used. The data obtained from the FG performance were analyzed using the content analysis technique. For the collection of data related to the characterization of the participants, an instrument of individual and occupational characterization of the workers was used. In the final step of the study, NCS actions were proposed to patients undergoing cardiac surgery and aimed at managing nursing care in the ICU. Results: The nurses recognized the importance of identifying the needs of each patient admitted to the ICU, continuously evaluating the patient's evolution, implementing actions related to nursing care, coordinating the nursing team and organizing the unit for its proper functioning. The main problems and difficulties reported by nurses were: lack of routines and protocols for standardizing actions in the unit, inadequate sizing of nursing staff in the ICU, ineffective communication between the health team, lack of teamwork and interdisciplinary practices and lack of equipment for health care. As products of this study, actions aimed at the nursing care systematization in the postoperative period of cardiac surgeries and the management of care in the ICU were proposed, and a flowchart of care for these patients in the hospital was created. It is believed that the care management and the nursing care systematization for patients undergoing cardiac surgery can help in the effectiveness of actions and in the resolution of health care, ensuring autonomy for nurses' decision-making process and quality of nursing care provided to users

Cuidados intensivos sistematizados ao paciente em pós-operatório cardíaco / Patient systematic intensive care in post-operative cardiac / Patient systematic intensive care in post-operatório cardiac

Objetivo: conhecer o estado da arte atual a respeito da Sistematização da Assistência de Enfermagem nos cuidados intensivos ao paciente em Pós-operatório Cardíaco. Métodos: revisão integrativa de dados indexados a partir de 2012 em conformidade com o Protocolo Reporting of Qualitative Research Studies. Resultados: elegíveis 08 artigos de 40 pré-selecionados com adensamento de evidências capazes de responder ao objetivo de investigação. Discussão: perceber o paciente cirúrgico no escopo de suas necessidades físicas, emocionais, espirituais e sociais, demanda do Enfermeiro Intensivista constante atualização teórica e metodológica para fundamentar uma prática baseada em Diagnósticos e Prescrições das Intervenções de Enfermagem capazes de suprir as demandas do paciente. Conclusão: a estruturação do cuidado no qual a Sistematização da Assistência de Enfermagem alicerça metodologicamente a aplicação dos conhecimentos como viabilizadores do Processo de Enfermagem permite a realização de um cuidado intensivo diferenciado ao Paciente em Pós-operatório cardíaco

Objective: to know the current state of the art regarding the Systematization of Nursing Care in the intensive care to the patient in Post-operative Cardiac. Methods: integrative review of indexed data as of 2012 in accordance with the Protocol Reporting of Qualitative Research Studies. Results: eligible 08 articles from 40 pre-selected with denser evidence capable of responding to the objective in research. Discussion: to perceive the surgical patient in the scope of their physical, emotional, spiritual and social needs, the Intensive Nurse's demand constant theoretical and methodological update to base a practice based on Diagnoses and Prescriptions of Nursing Interventions able to meet the demands of the patient. Conclusion: the structure of care in which the Nursing Assistance Systematization methodologically supports the application of knowledge as an enabler of the Nursing Process allows the performance of an intensive care differentiated to the Patient in the Cardiac Post-operative

Objetivo: Conocer el estado del arte actual respecto a la Sistematización de la Asistencia de Enfermería en los cuidados intensivos al paciente en Post-operatorio Cardiaco. Métodos: Revisión integrativa de datos indexados a partir de 2012 de conformidad con el Protocolo de informes de expertos en investigación. Resultados: Elegibles 08 artículos de 40 preseleccionados con adensamiento de evidencias capaces de responder al objetivo de investigación. Discusión: Percibir al paciente quirúrgico en el alcance de sus necesidades físicas, emocionales, espirituales y sociales, demanda del Enfermero Intensivista constante actualización teórica y metodológica para fundamentar una práctica basada en Diagnósticos y Prescripciones de las Intervenciones de Enfermería capaces de suplir las demandas del paciente. Conclusión: La estructuración del cuidado en el que la Sistematización de la Asistencia de Enfermería fundamenta metodológicamente la aplicación de los conocimientos como viabilizadores del Proceso de Enfermería permite la realización de un cuidado intensivo diferenciado al Paciente en Postoperatorio cardíaco

Pós-operatório de paciente oncológico em jejum prolongado: diagnósticos e intervenções de enfermagem / Post-operative oncological patients in prolonged fast: nursing diagnosis and interventions / Postoperatorio del paciente oncológico bajo ayuno prolongado: diagnósticos e intervenciones de enfermería

Objetivo: identificar os principais diagnósticos de enfermagem e suas respectivas intervenções em uma população de pacientes oncológicos submetidos a jejum prolongado no pós-operatório. Método: estudo descritivo, documental e transversal. O cenário do estudo foi um hospital federal de ensino no Rio de Janeiro, caracterizado como UNACON. Os dados foram coletados durante 60 dias em prontuários referentes aos anos de 2016 a 2018. Foram analisados 61 prontuários que atendiam aos critérios de inclusão e 208 complicações foram apresentadas pelos pacientes oncológicos. Resultados: Foram definidos oito diagnósticos de enfermagem, entre os quais os mais evidentes foram: Nutrição desequilibrada: menor que as necessidades corporais e Risco de glicemia instável. Onze intervenções de enfermagem foram definidas em consonância com a Taxonomia de NANDA-I e buscaram ser de fácil aplicação na prática assistencial de enfermagem. Conclusão: foi evidenciada uma ampla gama de diagnósticos e intervenções de enfermagem a qual se recomenda sua adoção no processo de enfermagem.

Objective: to identify the main nursing diagnoses and respective interventions in a population of cancer patients undergoing prolonged postoperative fasting. Method: descriptive, cross-sectional, documentary study. The study scenario was a federal teaching hospital in Rio de Janeiro, characterized as a high-complexity oncological facility. Data were collected for 60 days from medical records for the years 2016 to 2018. In the 61 medical records that met the inclusion criteria and were analyzed, cancer patients presented 208 complications. Results: eight diagnoses were established, the most in evidence being: nutrition imbalance: less than body requirements; and risk of unstable blood glucose level. Eleven nursing interventions, designed to be easily applied in nursing care practice, were specified in line with the NANDA-I Taxonomy. Conclusion: the wide range of nursing diagnoses and interventions evidenced are recommended for adoption in the nursing process.

Objetivo: identificar los principales diagnósticos de enfermería y sus respectivas intervenciones en una población de pacientes oncológicos sometidos a ayuno postoperatorio prolongado. Método: estudio descriptivo, transversal, documental. El escenario de estudio fue un hospital universitario federal en Río de Janeiro, caracterizado como una instalación oncológica de alta complejidad. Se recolectaron datos durante 60 días de las historias clínicas de los años 2016 a 2018. En las 61 historias clínicas que cumplieron con los criterios de inclusión y fueron analizadas, los pacientes con cáncer presentaron 208 complicaciones. Resultados: se establecieron ocho diagnósticos, siendo los más evidentes: desequilibrio nutricional: menor que los requerimientos corporales; y riesgo de niveles inestables de glucosa en sangre. Once intervenciones de enfermería, diseñadas para ser fácilmente aplicadas en la práctica del cuidado de enfermería, fueron especificadas de acuerdo con la Taxonomía NANDA-I. Conclusión: la amplia gama de diagnósticos e intervenciones de enfermería evidenciados se recomiendan para su adopción en el proceso de enfermería.

ECMO-assisted resection of left main bronchial malignant tumor and left pneumonectomy with comprehensive nursing support: a case report.

BACKGROUND: Patients with Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) undergoing primary bronchial malignancy resection and left pneumonectomy via bilateral thoracic approach are rare for there exist few reports available to date. And the nursing experience about this disease is rare reported. CASE PRESENTATION: This study reported a 50-year-old man with adenoid cystic carcinoma in left main bronchus by computed tomography (CT), fiberoptic bronchoscopy, and puncture biopsy. The case is the first report about operation method and the comprehensive nursing care, including conventional nursing, airway management, fluid management, nutritional support, and psychosocial support for patients undergoing primary bronchial malignancy resection and left pneumonectomy. After multidisciplinary treatment and comprehensive care, the patient was cured and discharged on the 17th day after surgery. CONCLUSION: This study reported a rare case with bronchial malignancy resection and left pneumonectomy and discussed its nursing care. A skilled management of ECMO, intraoperative position transformation, and prevention, as well as control of pulmonary complications are fundamental in caring patients with bronchial tumors. Monitoring of pulmonary function and blood pressure, adequate nutrition, and psychological support could be contributing factors for successful treatment during the postoperative stage.

The value of continuous nursing in patients after cardiac mechanical valve replacement.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to explore the value of continuous nursing in patients after cardiac valve replacement. METHODS: The clinical data of 116 patients after cardiac mechanical valve replacement from January 2017 to January 2018 were analysed retrospectively. According to the nursing mode, the patients were divided into two groups: the continuous nursing group (group A, n = 56) and the conventional nursing group (group B, n = 60). RESULTS: The continuous nursing group exhibited significantly decreased SAS and SDS scores 1 year after surgery compared to the preoperative SAS and SDS scores(P < 0.05). The SAS and SDS scores of the continuous nursing group were significantly better than those of the traditional nursing group 1 year after surgery(P < 0.05). There were 4 patients with anticoagulant complications after discharge in the continuous nursing group, and 13 cases of anticoagulant complications in the conventional nursing group. There was a significant difference between the two groups. CONCLUSION: Continuous nursing improves patient compliance with treatment and reduces the occurrence of postoperative anticoagulation complications. The patient also receives proper psychological evaluations, which relieve patient anxiety and depression.

Herramientas de telesalud para el seguimiento posoperatorio de enfermería en servicios de cirugía mayor ambulatoria / Telehealth Tool for Nursing Postoperative Follow-up in Major Ambulatory Surgery Services

Introducción: La cirugía mayor ambulatoria ha experimentado un aumento creciente en los últimos años, la cual ha ido de la mano con nuevos desafíos para los profesionales de enfermería, quienes realizan el seguimiento posoperatorio de estos usuarios con las diferentes herramientas de telesalud. Objetivo: Identificar en las bases de datos científicas las principales herramientas de telesalud utilizadas en el seguimiento de pacientes post operados vía cirugía mayor ambulatoria. Métodos: Revisión integrativa de la literatura de estudios publicados en español, inglés y portugués, desde 2013 hasta 2019 en las bases de datos MEDLINE/PubMed, CINAHL y SciELO. A partir de la metodología PRISMA, se utilizaron las palabras clave "Teleenfermería", "Procedimientos quirúrgicos ambulatorios", "Monitoreo ambulatorio", "Telemedicina", "Cuidados posoperatorios", con los operadores AND y OR. Fueron seleccionados 10 artículos, a los que se realizó análisis de contenido. Conclusiones: Se identificaron las principales herramientas de telesalud utilizadas en el paciente posoperado de cirugía mayor ambulatoria, donde cada una posee ventajas y limitantes para su uso. Se destacan las aplicaciones móviles como una herramienta a seguir innovando por el gran potencial en prestaciones que posee(AU)

Introduction: Major ambulatory surgery has experienced a growing increase in recent years. This modality has gone hand in hand with new challenges for nursing professionals, who carry out postoperative follow-up of these users by using different telehealth tools. Objective: To identify, in scientific databases, the main telehealth tools used in the follow-up of patients who received major ambulatory surgery. Methods: Integrative review of the literature about studies published in Spanish, English and Portuguese, from 2013 to 2019 in the databases MEDLINE/PubMed, CINAHL and SciELO. Using the PRISMA methodology, the keywords Teleenfermería [Tele-nursing], Procedimientos quirúrgicos ambulatorios [ambulatory surgical procedures], Monitoreo ambulatorio [ambulatory monitoring], telemedicine [telemedicine], and Cuidados posoperatorios [postoperative care] were used, with the operators AND and OR. Ten articles were selected and content analysis was carried out with them. Conclusions: The main telehealth tools used in the postoperative patient of major outpatient surgery were identified. Each has advantages and limitations for its use. Mobile applications stand out as a tool to continue innovating due to their great potential regarding benefits(AU)